[187], Among the religious population, the traditional "three teachings" of China, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism, have the most adherents (20 per cent), and are followed by Christianity (12 per cent) and Islam (4 per cent). The territory was the first market outside mainland China for renminbi-denominated bonds, and is one of the largest hubs for offshore renminbi trading. Alles zum Thema Hong Kong is a coastal city, metropolitan area, and major port in the southern part of China.It has 260 peninsulas and territorial islands, and has a long, storied history. Portugal acquired a permanent lease for Macau in 1557. [3] Slightly over half the population (53.2 per cent) speaks English, the other official language;[2] 4.3 per cent are native speakers, and 48.9 per cent speak English as a second language. [202] The city's location allowed it to establish a transportation and logistics infrastructure which includes the world's seventh-busiest container port[203] and the busiest airport for international cargo. [74] It does not specify how Hong Kong will be governed after 2047, and the central government's role in determining the territory's future system of government is the subject of political debate and speculation. ", "All aboard: Hong Kong bullet train signals high-speed integration with China", "Ingenious Flipper Bridge Melds Left-Side Drivers With Right-Side Drivers", "China makes its military more visible in Hong Kong", "Racism is rife in Hong Kong and the Equal Opportunities Commission is a toothless hamster to tackle it", "These Are the Cities With the Most Ultra-Rich People", "Going up! Nun hat China ein umstrittenes Sicherheitsgesetz verabschiedet. [113] Furthermore, in circumstances where the Standing Committee declares a state of emergency in Hong Kong, the State Council may enforce national law in the region. [245] The Central and Western District has an extensive system of escalators and moving pavements, including the Mid-Levels escalator (the world's longest outdoor covered escalator system). President-elect Joe Biden takes over on January 20. [173] Some (including the Court of Final Appeal Building and the Hong Kong Observatory) retain their original function, and others have been adapted and reused; the Former Marine Police Headquarters was redeveloped into a commercial and retail complex,[174] and Béthanie (built in 1875 as a sanatorium) houses the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts. The predominant language is Cantonese, a variety of Chinese originating in Guangdong. The Census and Statistics Department estimated Hong Kong's population at 7,482,500 in mid-2019. Hong Kong is expected to be one of Biden’s thorniest challenges with China, with relations between Washington and Beijing at the lowest point in decades over an array of disputes. Conditions on the island improved during the Taiping Rebellion in the 1850s, when many Chinese refugees, including wealthy merchants, fled mainland turbulence and settled in the colony. Leben 1842 noch knapp 7500 Menschen in Hongkong, so sind es um 1900 bereits über 260.000. [129][130], The territory is divided into 18 districts, each represented by a district council. The name translates as "fragrant harbour" or "incense harbour". Hongkonger and foreign women and girls are forced into prostitution in brothels, homes, and businesses in the city. [302] The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,[303] Hong Kong Baptist University,[304] Lingnan University,[305] Education University of Hong Kong,[306] Open University of Hong Kong,[307] Hong Kong Shue Yan University and The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong were all established in subsequent years. [190] The universal public healthcare system is funded by general-tax revenue, and treatment is highly subsidised; on average, 95 per cent of healthcare costs are covered by the government. [220] While the economy transitioned to a service basis during the 1980s,[220] late colonial governments introduced interventionist policies. [293], The government maintains a policy of "mother tongue instruction"; most schools use Cantonese as the medium of instruction, with written education in both Chinese and English. [170][171], Demand for new construction has contributed to frequent demolition of older buildings, freeing space for modern high-rises. Hong Kong is a part of China, but it has a unique history that affects the way people from Hong Kong (also known as Hongkongers) interact with and perceive the mainland today. [276] Local media featured songs by artists such as Sam Hui, Anita Mui, Leslie Cheung, and Alan Tam; during the 1980s, exported films and shows exposed Cantopop to a global audience. [104], Twenty-two political parties had representatives elected to the Legislative Council in the 2016 election. [300] The Chinese University of Hong Kong was established in 1963 to fill the need for a university that taught using Chinese as its primary language of instruction. Autumn is the sunniest season, whilst spring is generally cloudy. [68] Hong Kong became the first of the Four Asian Tiger economies to industrialise during the 1950s. [275], Cantopop is a genre of Cantonese popular music which emerged in Hong Kong during the 1970s. Mainland firms represent over half of the Hang Seng Index value, up from five per cent in 1997. Baring Hong Kong China (972840 | IE0000829238): Aktuelle Informationen zum Fonds, Charts und Performance - zusätzlich Breakdowns, Branchenvergleiche u.v.m. Last month, China passed a resolution allowing the disqualification of Hong Kong lawmakers who weren’t deemed sufficiently loyal -- prompting opposition legislators to resign en masse. [54] Qing authorities established the Canton System in 1757 to regulate trade more strictly, restricting non-Russian ships to the port of Canton. [242] Ferry travel to Macau and mainland China is also available. [109] Local courts may refer to precedents set in English law and overseas jurisprudence. [214] Chinese companies have expanded their economic presence in the territory since the transfer of sovereignty. The move, which could come as soon as Monday, will go after officials from the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) as President Donald Trump’s administration maintains pressure on Beijing in his final weeks in office. [309] Several international publications have regional operations in Hong Kong, including The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times, The New York Times International Edition, USA Today, Yomiuri Shimbun, and The Nikkei. Arabba - Belluno. Realist evaluation of PPPs in Hong Kong", A List of Licensed Broadcasting Services in Hong Kong, Adaptation of Laws Programme – Guiding Principles and Guideline Glossary of Terms, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, Akamai's State of the Internet – Q1 2017 Report, The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, Béthanie – The Academy's Landmark Heritage Campus, Developing a Supplementary Guide to the Chinese Language Curriculum for Non-Chinese Speaking Students, Economic development: Statistical Highlights, The UK's relations with Hong Kong: 30 years after the Joint Declaration, Written evidence from Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Guidelines on the Legislative Council Election, Hong Kong Energy Statistics – 2016 Annual Report, Human Development Indices and Indicators – Statistical Update 2018, The Profitability of the Banking Sector in Hong Kong, List of Political Affiliations of LegCo Members and DC Members, Literacy Rates Continue to Rise from One Generation to the Next, A Century of Railway Development – The Hong Kong Story, Grant to the Hong Kong Shue Yan University for Establishing a General Development Fund, "List of Historical Buildings Declared as Monuments from 1997 to 2006", Registration and Licensing of Vehicles by Class of Vehicles, Follow-ups on the Service Suspension of Tseung Kwan O Line and Part of Kwun Tong Line on 16 December 2013, and Report on Subsequent Major Incidents on East Rail Line and Light Rail, Report of the Task Force on Population Policy, Thematic Report: Household Income Distribution in Hong Kong, Report on Study of Road Traffic Congestion in Hong Kong, Technical Legislative Amendments on Traffic Arrangements for the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, Triennial Central Bank Survey: Foreign exchange turnover in April 2016, Usage of Information Technology and the Internet by Hong Kong Residents, 2000 to 2016, Women and Men in Hong Kong Key Statistics, Final Report for Provision of Service for Fine Particulate Matter (PM, "Special Report: The mainland's colonisation of the Hong Kong economy", "Hong Kong ban on pro-independence candidates sparks backlash", "Hong Kong villagers using solar energy to help power their homes – and show its potential as a source of electricity for city", "The case for extending Hong Kong's 2047 deadline", "Too soon to talk about 2047? [287], Dragon boat races originated as a religious ceremony conducted during the annual Tuen Ng Festival. [110] However, mainland criminal procedure law applies to cases investigated by the Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR. At the height of the local movie industry in the early 1990s, over 400 films were produced each year; since then, industry momentum shifted to mainland China. Secondary schools emphasise "bi-literacy and tri-lingualism", which has encouraged the proliferation of spoken Mandarin language education. Lee Lai-shan won the territory's first and only Olympic gold medal at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. Local publications are often politically affiliated, with pro-Beijing or pro-democracy sympathies. [11] Although Hong Kong's economy has ranked at the top of the Heritage Foundation's economic freedom index since 1995,[199][200] the territory has a relatively high level of income disparity. Faced with a drug crisis, Qing officials pursued ever more aggressive actions to halt the opium trade. This electoral arrangement has guaranteed a pro-establishment majority in the legislature since the transfer of sovereignty. Economic and infrastructure integration with China has increased significantly since the 1978 start of market liberalisation on the mainland. Aberdeen was an initial point of contact between British sailors and local fishermen. The Qing were again defeated and forced to give up Kowloon Peninsula and Stonecutters Island in the Convention of Peking. Since resumption of cross-boundary train service in 1979, many rail and road links have been improved and constructed (facilitating trade between regions). [160] When there is snowfall, which is extremely rare, it is usually at high elevations. [123], The central government and Ministry of Foreign Affairs handle diplomatic matters, but Hong Kong retains the ability to maintain separate economic and cultural relations with foreign nations. [235] Highways, organised with the Hong Kong Strategic Route and Exit Number System, connect all major areas of the territory. [283] The territory regularly hosts the Hong Kong Sevens, Hong Kong Marathon, Hong Kong Tennis Classic and Lunar New Year Cup, and hosted the inaugural AFC Asian Cup and the 1995 Dynasty Cup. Corvara in … Hong Kong is characterised as a hybrid of East and West. Hong Kong became a colony of the British Empire after the Qing Empire ceded Hong Kong Island at the end of the First Opium War in 1842. [38] The name was also commonly written as the single word Hongkong until 1926, when the government officially adopted the two-word name. [240], The Star Ferry operates two lines across Victoria Harbour for its 53,000 daily passengers. The claim is based on an archaeological investigation in Wong Tei Tung, Sai Kung in 2003. [243] Junks, once common in Hong Kong waters, are no longer widely available and are used privately and for tourism. [43], The Qin dynasty incorporated the Hong Kong area into China for the first time in 214 BCE, after conquering the indigenous Baiyue. [6][183] About half the population have some form of British nationality, a legacy of colonial rule; 3.4 million residents have British National (Overseas) status, and 260,000 British citizens live in the territory. Thirty FC councillors are selected from limited electorates representing sectors of the economy or special interest groups,[104] and the remaining five members are nominated from sitting District Council members and selected in region-wide double direct elections. Hong Kong is expected to be one of Biden’s thorniest challenges with China, with relations between Washington and Beijing at the lowest point in decades over an array of disputes. As Beijing's anxious interference has grown, the “one country, two systems” model China promised Hong Kong has slowly drained away in the years since the 1997 handover. [29] The city has the largest number of skyscrapers of any city in the world,[30] and its residents have some of the highest life expectancies in the world. [208][209] The territory's GDP relative to mainland China's peaked at 27 per cent in 1993; it fell to less than three per cent in 2017, as the mainland developed and liberalised its economy. [19] As a special administrative region, Hong Kong maintains separate governing and economic systems from that of mainland China under the principle of "one country, two systems". Rice is the staple food, and is usually served plain with other dishes. [188], Life expectancy in Hong Kong was 82.2 years for males and 87.6 years for females in 2018, the sixth-highest in the world. [42], During the Middle Neolithic period, about 6,000 years ago, the region had been widely occupied by humans. As China tightens its grip on Hong Kong, could Taiwan be next? [241] Ferries also serve outlying islands inaccessible by other means. [157] The territory has a diverse ecosystem; over 3,000 species of vascular plants occur in the region (300 of which are native to Hong Kong), and thousands of insect, avian, and marine species.[158][159]. [79] This was followed by the 2003 SARS epidemic, during which the territory experienced its most serious economic downturn. The Immigration Department issues passports for permanent residents which differ from those of the mainland or Macau,[115] and the region maintains a regulated border with the rest of the country. The degree of its adherence to feng shui is believed to determine the success of a business. The State Department and the White House did not immediately respond to requests for comment. [37], The simplified name Hong Kong was frequently used by 1810. [43] Neolithic to Bronze Age Hong Kong settlers were semi-coastal people. Can It Learn to Grow? Hong Kong exists as a Special Administrative Region controlled by The People's Republic of China and enjoys its own limited autonomy as defined by the Basic Law. [244], The Peak Tram, Hong Kong's first public transport system, has provided funicular rail transport between Central and Victoria Peak since 1888. [205] Agricultural activity is 0.1% of GDP, and consists of growing premium food and flower varieties. [112] Decisions made by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress override any territorial judicial process. [146][147], In 2020, in a period of large-scale protests, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed the controversial Hong Kong national security law. The move triggered the mass resignation of pro-democracy opposition legislators in the Chinese-controlled territory. “China has once again broken its promises and undermined Hong Kong’s high degree of autonomy,” said Raab. [186] Post-handover governments have promoted Mandarin, which is currently about as prevalent as English; 48.6 per cent of the population speaks Mandarin, with 1.9 per cent native speakers and 46.7 per cent speaking it as a second language. These were especially prolific during the immediate post-war period, when many were rapidly built to house large numbers of Chinese migrants. [22][23] Over half of its cargo throughput consists of transshipments (goods travelling through Hong Kong). [98] Its judicial system is based on common law, continuing the legal tradition established during British rule. Piazza San Marco - Venice. [291] Children are required to attend school from the age of six until completion of secondary education, generally at age 18. [91] Under these terms and the "one country, two systems" principle, the Basic Law of Hong Kong is the regional constitution.[92]. Hong Kong’s courts firmly divide the city from mainland China, where the opaque legal system is under the control of the Communist Party. News UK says China has 'broken its promises' on Hong Kong. [248] The rest is from other imports, including nuclear energy generated on the mainland. In dem Gebiet wohnen über sieben Millionen Menschen, also fast so viele wie in ganz Österreich. [139][140] Foreign domestic helpers, predominantly women from the Philippines and Indonesia, have little protection under regional law. [250] Small-scale wind-power sources have been developed,[247] and a small number of private homes have installed solar panels. Etwa 150 Jahre lang war das Gebiet eine Kolonie von Großbritannien. [169] Other distinctive buildings lining the Hong Kong Island skyline include the HSBC Main Building, the anemometer-topped triangular Central Plaza, the circular Hopewell Centre, and the sharp-edged Bank of China Tower.

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